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REPEATER.

Patented Mar. 31, 1891.

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F. W. COLE.

l REPEATER. No. 449,574. Patented Mar. 31,1891..

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I'. W. COLE. RBPEATER.

Patentd Mr. 31,1891.

No. 449,574.A

'UNITED STATES4 PATENT ENCEo FREDERICK lV. COLE, OF NE\\"l`ON,MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HAL'F TO MOSES Gr. CRANE, OE SAME PLACE.

REPEATER.

SPECIEICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,574, dated March31, 1891.

Application filed May l2, 1890.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. COLE, of Newton, county of Middlesex,State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Repeaters, ofwhich the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

My invention is embodied in a repeater for telegraphic signals of thekind which is used in connection with a number of circuits, eachdisconnected from the other, for the purpose of causing a message orsignal that is transmitted over any one of said circuits to beautomatically transmitted or repeated over all the other circuitsconnected with the repeating apparatus. An instrument of this kind iscommonly employed in connection with lirealarm telegraphic apparatus, sothat a message or alarm turned in on any circuit is simultaneouslytransmitted or repeated over all the other circuits, and for conveniencethe apparatus will be hereinafter referred to as forming part of afire-alarm telegraphic apparatus in which the messages, signals, oralarms are originallytransmitted in one circuit by a break-wheel andactuating mechanism for it, commonly called a signa`l-box, and arerepeated in the other circuits of the apparatus.

It is necessary for the proper operation of a repeating-instrument ofthis kind when a message is begun in one circuit, so that the repeateris thrown into operation to repeat that message over the othercircuits,that the entire apparatus should remain under control of the circuit inwhich the message is started until that message is completed, so that ifa message or alarm should be subsequently turned in upon any othercircuit before the first one is completed there will be no interference,and it is furthermore necessary that the circuit in which the alarm isfirst started should remain under control of the breakwheel or pointexternal to the repeater, so that although the repeater breaks andcloses all the other circuits it must retain the one circuit in whichthe message is started closed at the repeater-station, so that it Willbe in control of the break-wheel of the signal-box ortransmitting-station. These results have Serial No. 351,441. `(Nomodel.)

usually been attained by employing a mechanical motorto break all thecircuits at each break in the circuit that is receiving the message, theoperation of said motor depending upon relays or electro-magnets in eachof the circuits, and means have been provided by which the relay whichhas been first operated will retain control of the motor, while all theother relays will be immediately affected by the movement of the motoritself and have theirarmatures locked in some way so as to render theminoperative so far aslaffecting the motor is concerned as long as themotor remains under control of the circuit first operated. In thegreater number of repeaters that have been heretofore devised thislocking of the relay-armatures has been effected mechanically by themovement of the motor itself, and in another application, Serial No.319,739, tiled by me August 5, 1889, I have shown and described arepeater in which the locking of the armatures is effected by otherelectro-magnets, which are, however, connected with and effected by thecurrents passing through the main circuits of the relays themselves,such apparatus depending upon the relative speed of movement of the twoarmatures, both of which respond to the same change in current in thecircuit with which both are connected.

The present invention consists, mainly, in novel means for controllingthe armatures of the relays inthe main circuits, said armatures beingcontrolled by locking devices operated by other electro-magnets whichare not, however, in the main circuits with the relays. The main relayscontrol a motor mechanism which makes one operation at each vibration ofone of the main-relay armatures and in said operation affects thecircuits of all the other relays, and thereby causes the message to berepeated inA all the other circuits impulse -by impulse, correspondingto the impulses or circuit changes in the circuit originally operated,which controls the motor. The said motoralso controls a local circuit,including the governing-magnets of all the relays, said local circuitbeing changed at the first operation of the motorfor example, beingopened and remaining so until the circuit first operated is restored toIOO its normal condition at the completion of the message. The circuitof the controlling-mag nets is changed after the relay first operatedhas responded tothe change in its circuit, but before the relays in theother circuits have responded to the change produced by the mo tor ofthe repeater, and the mechanical eonneciions between the main-relayarmatures and the armatures of the governing-magnets is such that whenthe governing-magnets are operated first they lock the main-relayarmatures in attracted position; but if the mainrela-y armatures havebeen retracted before the corresponding governing-magnet is demagnetizedthe latter will not interfere with the subsequent movements of themainrelay arma-ture. Appliances are also provided for restoring therepeater to normal condition in case one of the main circuits isderanged or broken, so that the said instrument may operate properlywith the other circuits which are in working condition.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a motor by which the signals orbreaksmade in one main circuit are repeated in the other main ci reuits; Fig.2, a side elevation of one of the main relays and its controlling-magnet'and the cooperating parts; Fig. 3, a side elevation of another of saidmain relays with its controllingmagnet and cfu-operating parts as seenfrom the opposite side to that represented in Fig. 2; Fig. et, adetailof the contacts controlled by the main-relay armature, also showing someof the other devices that co-operate with the niain-relay armature, aswill be h ereinafter described. In Figs. 1, 2, 3,and1portions of theseveral circuits are indicated in diagram; Fig. 5, a plan view of themotor shown in Fig. 1, Figs. (i and 7, details of portions of said motoron a larger scale, the parts heilig shown in Fig. 7 as viewed from theopposite side of the instrument to that seen in Fig. 1. Figs. 8 andflare enlarged -details of an adjustable contact constituting one memberof a cireuit-closer such as operated by the instrument shown in Fig. .1;Fig. 10, a diagram representing the several circuits and clectro1nagnetsand circuit-controllers therein; Fig. 11, an enlarged detail of theco-operating deviceof the main and governing magw net armatures as seenin elevation, looking toward the poles of the main-relay magnet; Fig.12, a detail showing the said device in side elevation, Figs. 13 and14:, sectional details showing the parts represented in Fig. 11, mainlyin side elevation, as seen looking toward the right in Fig. 11, andillustrating the operation of the several parts.

The main-relay magnets a, one for cach circuit, are included inindependent main circuits containingsignal-boxes oreircuit-ln'eakingdevices, such as indicated in diagram at I), Figs. 1 and 10, said maincircuit connecting', as shown at 2, with one terminal of therelaymagnet, the other terminal of which is connected, as shown by wire3, with one member of a circuit-closer c, the other member of which isconnected with the other terminal itof the main circuit, as shown inFigs. 1, 3, and 10. The members of the circuit-elosers c are connectedwith cross-pieces c2 c3, supported on the frame of the motor shown inFig. 1, there being one of said circuit-closers for each of said mainmagnets, and the framepiece ciE being connected with a rock-shaft, whichis rocked at each operation of the motor sufficiently to bring themembers of all the circuit-closers in contact and then separate them,the frame-piece cS being operated by an arm c4, (see Figs. 5, G, and 7,)engaged by an eccentric-pin ci on an arbor c, provided with a detent-armci, (sce Fig. 1,) controlled by a detent-lever ci, that is operated bythe armature of a magnet c", which controls the motor, and is controlledby the relays a, as will be hereinafter explained. The shaft c isimpclled by any suitable train of wheelwork, herein called the motor,the main shaft, to which the power is primarily applied by a weight orspring, being shown at c, Fig. 1, and the said shaft c being providedwith a fan or governor ci? to prevent too sudden movement of the shaftand too great shock of thc detent when it is arrested after eachrotation of the said shaft ci". The detent is engaged and the motor isarrested when the eccentric c5 is in such position as to keep thecircuit-closers c open, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, and in order that themain circuit 2 S ,Jf may not be normally open the said wires Si and 4c,leading to the two members of the circuit-closers c, are respectivelyconnected by wires 5 and 6, Fig. 10, with two members of anormally-closed cireuit-closcrf, supported on the frame-work of the1'elayinaguct, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 12. In Fig, wire 3 connectsdirectly with f. It will thus be seen that the circuit-closer c canaffect or control the main circuit only when the circuitcloser 1" isopen.

The detent eT es for the motor is disengaged and the shaft cu permittedto make one rota tion at each operation of one of the relays a by thefollowing devices, (best shown in Figs. 1, 2, and l1:) Thearmatnre-levcr d? of each relay is provided with a contact-spring a,which when the said armature is attracted makes contact with thestationary contact d, and the said pairs of contacts or circuitclosersa* crof the several relays are connected in series in the local circuit7 S 9 10, including the controlling or detent-operating magnet o9 of themotor, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and L11, in which Fig. 4e represents thearmature-lever of another relay than thc one represented in Fig. 2.)Vhcn all the relay-armatures are attracted or are retained in attractedposition by the attraction of their magnets or otherwise, the saidcircuit-closers Cd a" are all closed and the circuit of the magnet c" iscomplete, the said magnet is energized, and the motordetent is retainedengaged. It' any one of the armatures of the main relays Ct isretracted, it opens thc said local circuit, demagnetizes the IOO IIO

magnet c, and permits the shaft c to make one rotation.

The detent-arm 0S is provided with double stop-points, so as to arrestthe detent-arm c7 when the said arm cs is in either position, and if itarrests the arm cTin the position assumed when the magnet c9 isdemagnetized the subsequent energizing of the said magnet will move thearm cs, so that the detent c7 will escape from the first stop-pin and bearrested on the second without a movement sufficient to affect the partsoperated by the shaft c, and consequently it will be understood that thesaid shaft c6 will be released and make a complete rotary movement ateach complete to-and-fro movement of any one of the armatures of themain relays a. Thus, if the main circuit of any one of the relays a isbroken and closed at deiinite intervals, as by the breakwh eel b, (seeFig. 1,) the magnet C9 will be correspondingly affected and the shaft cGwill make complete rotations at each such break and closure of said maincircuit, said shaft producing movements by which the circuit-closers care closed and opened foralength of time about equaltothetimethatacircuitis closedbetween the successive breaks produced bya breakwheel b. In order that this operation of the circuit-closers cshould produce the desired effect of closing and opening the maincircuits, itis necessary that. the circuit-closers f of those circuitswhich are to be controlled by the circuit-closers c should be opened;but it will not do to have the circuit-closer f corresponding to therelay which is first operated opened, for if it were the said circuitwould be oompletely opened both at c and f as soon as the motor-shafthad made one complete rotation, and consequently the break-wheel b couldproduce no further effect in said circuit. It is therefore necessary forthe proper operation* that is, in order that the relay iirst operatedshould remain under controlof the breakwheel and that the other relaysor circuits should remain under control of the circuitclosers c of themotor-that the circuit-closer f of the relay that lirst operated shouldremain closed and that the circuit-closers f of all other relays shouldbe opened to place their circuits under control of the circuit-closersc. This result is accomplished by the governingmagnets 7o, one of whichis supported on the frame-work of each relay in definite mechanicalrelation to the relay-magnet a and its armature, as shown in Figs. 2 and3. The armature-levers of said controlling-magnets are pivoted at k2,and have extended arms-7a3, the ends of which overhang thearmature-levers a2 of the relays, and are provided with pendent pieces7a4, the lower ends of which hang at the rear of projections 705,carried by the main armature -levers, in such manner that when the main`armature-levers are retracted they swing the arms 71:4 outward a shortdistance, as represented in dotted lines, Fig.

14. The said pendant 7a4 is provided with a i pin orprojection k6, that.normally stands above one member of the circuit-closer f in suchposition that if the said pendant 7a4 is dropped by the retract-ion ofthe armature of the magnet 7c when said pendant is in its most forwardposition-that is, when the main armature-lever is attracted the saidprojection k6 will strike on the lower contact-spring of thecircuit-closerf and separate it from the upper spring of the saidcircuit-closer, (see Fig. 12,) thereby opening the same, and thusleaving the corresponding main circuit in control of the circuit-closerc, which is operated by the motor. If, on the other hand, the pendant7a4 should be swung outward to dotted-line position, Fig. 14, before itis dropped by the retraction of the armature by the correspondinggoverniug-magnet, the piu k6 will vnot engage the spring of thecorresponding circuit-closer f, and the latter will remain closed, sothat the circuit-closer c of the corresponding circuit can produce noeffect thereon.

The governing-magnets 7c are all connected in series with one another ina local circuit 15 16 17, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 10,) controlled by acircuit-closer m, (see Fig. 1,) governed by the motor, as will bedescribed, and are consequently all operated simultaneously, and theiroperation depends upon and follows the operation of the motor whenreleased by the magnet c. Consequently, as the operation of the magnete9 depends upo'n theretraction of the armature of the relay a firstoperated, it follows that the pendant k* for the governing-magnetcorresponding to said relay will be swung back, and when thegoverning-magnet is demagnetized it will fall without opening thecorresponding circuitcloser f, so that the corresponding main circuitwill remain closed at the repeater, and will thus remain under controlof the breakwheel at the external transmitting-station.

The construction of the motor is such that the circuit-closer m isopened before the circuit-closers c are opened toward the end oftherotation of the shaft c, so that the pend? ants 754 will be droppedwhile the armatures of the other relays than the one which is respondingto a signal are in their closed position, and will consequently open thecircuitclosers f correspondin g to all said relays, leaving them incontrol of the circuit-closers c, that are operated by the motor, andthus so long as the circuit of the magnets k remains open the relayfirst operated will remain under control of its external transmitter,and all other circuits will remain under control of theircircuit-closers o and will be closed and broken at each forward andbackward movement of the armature of the iirst relay corl,responding tothe passage of a tooth of its break-wheel, or, in other words, willrepeat, impulse by impulse, the impulses of the mes- :sage that is beingtransmitted by the breakj wheel in the circuit first operated.

If the armatures of the relays that are controlled by thecircuit-closers c were permitted IOO IIC

Lis

vto respond tothe circuit changes produced by said circuit-closers, theywould open the circuit 7 `S 9 10 of the motor-controlling magnet c,which would thus be taken out of control of the relay that wasresponding to an external transmitter. In order to prevent this fromhappening, the relay-armatures that are under control of the motor aremechanically locked in their attracted position during the operation ofthe motor by the action of the controlling-magnets, the armatures ofwhich are retracted, as before stated, before the main relay-armaturesrespond to a break. This locking is eiected by a lock a, (see Figs. 4,13, and 1st,) shown as a hook pivoted at n3 on a block carried by thestationary framearm al of the relay and having its hooked end inposition to engage with a projection n2 on the ar1nature-lever- The saidhook is, however, weighted, so as to normally keep its hooked endresting above the projection n2, so that the latter will only be engagedif the hooked end of the lock is depressed. said hooked end is under aproject-ion n" of the pendent arm 7c" of the governing-magnet in suchposition that if the latter isin its normal position (shown in fulllines, Fig. 14) the said projection a4 will engage the hooked end of thelock upon the descent of said pendant k" when the governing-magnet isdemagnetized, thus throwing the hook into engagement with the projectionn2 on the main relay-armatnre and preventing the latter from beingretracted if the relay is subsequently demagnetized. Thus if thegoverning-magnet is demagnetizedbefore the relay-armature the latterwill be locked. (See dotted lines, Fig. 13.) The movement of the pendant751 from the full to the dotted line position, Fig. 14, which takesplace if the relay-armature is retracted before the governing-magnetarmature, carries the projection n4 beyond the range of the end of thehook, so that in case the relay-armature is retracted irst, as takesplace in the circuit in which the message is originally transmitted, thelock will not be operated. Consequently the relay-armature will be leftfree to respond to its signal.

The devices thus far described are all that are necessary for the properreception of the message on one circuit and its repetition over theother circuits; but it will be seen that with the contrivances thus fardescribed if one main line should become permanently broken or thecurrent removed from it in some manner its relayarmature would fall backand cause a single operation of the inotor, which would release all thegoverningmagnets, thus causing the circuit-closers f of all the circuitsother than the one in which the break occurred to be opened, and as themotor will come to rest with the circuit-closers c open all the lineswill be opened and disabled, and to prevent this result from takingplace, or, in other words, to restore the parts other than the brokenline to working condition, other devices are used, the construction andThe i operation of which will now be described, it being understood thattheir object is mainly to place and keep the repeater in Workingcondition for all other lines in case one or more of the lines isaccidentallybroken or deranged.

It is firstnecessary to describe the means for operating thecircuit-closer m, that controls the governing-magnets 7s, these partsbeing best shown in Figs. G and 7. The said circuit-closer m is normallykept closed by the pressure of an arm m2, loosely pivotcd on an arbor mof a secondary motor comprising a train o o2 o oVl 05 o, (see Figs. land 5,) which is independent of the train that drives the detent-shaftc, which has been before described, said secondary train having anescape-Wheel 07 and vibrating pallets o8, constituting a governor togive it a time-movement. The arm m2, that operates the circuit-closer m,is, as before stated, loose on` a shaft m, and is acted upon by a springm4, (see Fig. 7,) tending to turn it away from the circuit-closer m, soas to permit the members of said circuitcloser to spring apart and openthe circuit 15 1G 17 of the governing-magnets. The arm m? is, however,normally prevented from moving under the action of its spring m by apawl m5, having a projection m, that lies under a tripping-arm m7,connected with the rock-shaft d, that carries the cross-bar c of themain circuit-closers c. Thus at the irst operation of themain-motor-controlling magnet c and consequent rotation el the shaft cGthe arm m7 is vibrated, together with the arm c* and frame c3, in suchdirection as to trip the pawl mi or disengage it from the teeth of aratchet m, which is connected with the shaft m of the secondary motor.)Vhen the pawl m5 is so tripped, the spring m throws the arm m2 back outof engagement with the circuit'closer m, as shown in dotted lines, Fig.6, permitting the latter to open, and thus open the circuit of thegoverning-magnets 7:., as before stated. The said arm m2 is connectedwith another arm m9, which engages the escape-wheel o7, as shown in Fig.G, and thus constitutes a detent or stop that arrests the secondarytrain when the arm m2 is in normal position, closing the circuit-closerin; but when the arm m2 is released by the tripping-arm m7, as justdescribed, the arm m." disengages the escape-wheel and the secondarymotor begins to run, turning the ratchet ms in the direction that wouldcarry the arm m2 back into engagement with the circuit closer oa if saidarm m2 were connected with said ratchet m8. Vhen the tripping-arm micomes back to its normal position at the end of the rotation of thedetent-shaf t of the main motor, the pawl m5 engages the ratchetms,which then begins to turn the arm m2 back toward its original positionwith a definite time rate of movement, and the distance that the arm mgmoves from the circuit-breaker and the speed of the secondary train andthe ratchet m8 in turning it back again are such that the time requiredto carry the arm m2 back to the cir- IIO cuit-closer is greater than anyinterval which occurs between successive current changesin the normaltransmission of a signal in one of the main-line circuits. The trip-armm7 is curved, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that it trips the pawlm5 in whatever position the latter may be with relation to the triparm,and consequently at every operation of the main detent-shaft the pawl istripped and the arm m2 thrown back by its spring m4 to its position mostremote from the circuitbreaker m, and when the main motor comes to restit immediately begins to travel again toward the circuit-closer fm. Bythis construction it will be seen that so long as the main motor isintermittingly operated in response to a signal received on one of themain lines the arm m2 will never reach and close the circuit-closer m,and consequently the governing-magnets will remain demagnetized duringthe entire transmission of a signal; but if one of the main circuitsshould remain open for an.indelinite period of time the main motor willbe arrested, the trip-arm m7 will not act on the pawl m5, and the latterwill remain in engagement with the ratchet ons until the said ratchethas carried the arms u.ont mi around to normal position, closingthecircuit-closer m, and iinally arresting the secondarymotor by theengagement of mi wit-h of. 'l `h1s closlng of the circuit-closer m andcircuit of the governing-magnet which thus takes place after an intervalof time slightly greater than the longest intervalbetween the twosuccessive strokes of a normal message or signal causes all thegoverning1nagnets to be energized and thus to raise the pendants 7a4,which act releases the armatures of the main relays by permitting thedisengagement of the lock naz, and also closes their circuits at f,leaving them under control of their external transmitters. The relaythat is in the deranged circuit will, however, have its armature stillremain retracted, and as it was not locked in attracted position theraising of the pendant 7s" by its governing-magnet will not restore it,and consequently the local circuit 7, S, 9, and l0 of thegoverningmagnet cQ of the motor would remain open at a3 a, thuspreventing any of the other relays from controlling the motor unlessmeans were provided lfor closing the said local circuit. at the disabledrelay. This is done by the devices best shown in Fig. 4, consisting of aswitch-arm lr, pivoted on the side of the armature-lever and connectedwith the stationary contact d4, as shown by wire ll, Figs. 4 and 13, thesaid switch arm yr being the part that carries the projection 7&5,before mentioned, that throws the pendant-arm 7a4 back when the mainrelay is retracted before the governing-magnet armature. The saidpendant 7a4 is recessed, as shown at 7640, Fig. let, forming a shoulderthat drops below the projection 755 when the governing-magnet armatureis retracted, and if the said governing-A Inagnet armature is attractedwhile the mainrelay armature remains in retracted position,

said shoulder will engage the projection rfl and will turn theswitch-arm fr, bringing it up into engagement with a project-ion e30from the local-circuit contact d3, carried by the mainrelay armature,thus connecting a3 and rand making a connection through r and 12 overthe break between d3 and a4 in the local circuit at the disabled relay,thus closing the said local circuit and leaving it in condition torespond to the action of the contact-s a3 a4 of any of the relays thatare in proper Working condition, as before described. The elasticity ofthe contact-spring a3 holds its upper end forward slightly with relationto the armature-lever, thns pressing the contact (L30 against theswit-chvarm 7 sufficiently to retain the said switch-arm in contact withit; butsaid switch-arm gravitates freely upon its pivot, andconsequently if the disabled main circuit is repaired externally themain -relay armature will be attracted, and when the end of thespring-contact as comes against the stationary contact a* it will besprung back slightly with relation to the armature-lever, which will besufficient to relieve the pressure on the switch-arm r, which will thendrop by gravity to its normal position, so that everything will berestored to its normal working condition at the repeater automaticallyas soon as the line is placed in working condition external to therepeater.v

The relations of circuits and mode of operation have been describedfully in describing the construction of the parts; but it may beconvenient. to state, briefly, the several steps in the operation, whichare as follows: First, assuming that all the main lines are closed andthe main and secondary motors are both stopped in normal position, thecurrent in one main circuit-for example, that represented in Figs. l and3will pass through the main relay d and the several break-wheels ortransmitters b as follows: from the main battery by wire 2 to oneterminal of the relay-magnet, thence from the other terminal oftherelay-magnet by wires 3 and 5 to the circuitcloserf, thence by wire 6to the main line 4, which extends around to the other terminal of themain battery. The said circuit is broken by the action of thebreak-wheel. The relay-armature falls back and breaks at CL3 a4. Thelocal circuit 7 S 9 10 of the motorcontrolling magnet c thus permits thedetent-shaft for the main motor to make one revolution, in which thetripping-arm mT operates to release the arm m2, which permits thecircuit-closer m to open, demagnetizing the governing magnets t andpermitting their pendants 7c* to drop. The pendant 7g4 will be indotted-line position, Fig. 14, for the relay which has just beenoperated, and will produce no effect at that relay. On all the otherrelays it will be in full-line position, Fig. lat, and in dropping willopen the circuit-closers f, and also depressing the locking devices ninto engagement with the pro- IOO TIO

jcctions n2, thusl locking the relay-armatures in attracted position.(See dotted lines, FigsA l2 and 115. lVhile this has been goingon thecircuit-closets c have all been closed, the timing being such that theyare closed just before the circuit-lneakers f are opened, as juststated, and as the detent-shaft continues its rotation the saidcircuit-closers c are again opened, thus producing a break in all thecircuits other than the one first operated by its break-wheel. As saidbreak-wheel continues to operate, the relay-armature in its circuit willmove to and fro and at each to-and-fro movement will let thedetent-shaft and main motor make one rotation, thus closing andbreaking' the circuit-closers c, and thereby repeating the closure andbreak of the breakwheel into the other circuits. The arm m2 will duringthis operation be traveling back and forth toward but never reaching thecircuit-closer m until, finally, after the message of the break-wheeland the relay-armature which responds to it has come to rest, the mainmotor will no longer be operated, the pawl mi' will notbetripped, andthe secondary motor will carry the arm m2 around, so as to close thelocal circuit l5 lo' 17 of the governing-magnets, which will then beattracted, permitting the circuit-closersfto close and the mainarmature-locks `n to disengagethe armatures, thus restoring all lines tonormal working condition. If the main-relay armature which firstoperated had, however, come to rest in retracted position, as by anaccidental rupture or disengagement of the line, the operation would bein all respects the same as before, except that at this relay thegoverning-magnet would be energized while the main-relay armature wasretracted, and the governing -magnet armature in such operation wouldclose the switch yr as, thus closing the local circuit of themotor-govern ingI magnet c, so that it would be ready to respond to theaction of the other relays. It will be seen that the controlling arm ormember m2 of the circuit-changer that controls the circuit of thegoverning-magnets is movable quickly in one direction-namely, to openthe said cireuit-closer--and slowly in the opposite direction, so thatit requires a definite time interval for said member to rcstore thecircuit-changer to its normal condition. The locking device n for themain relay armatures, although at times engaged and moved by thearmatures of the governingmagnets, is otherwise independent `of saidgoverningmagnets-a construction having important advantagcsrovcr that inwhich the main armatures are locked by the direct action of armatures ofgoverningmagnets or by a locking device connected directly with thearmatures of governing-magnets.

It is desirable in apparatus of this kind that the contact-points of acircuit-closer such, for example, as the one c or the one ai irl-shouldbe capable of minute adjustment with relation to one another, and inorder to attain this result oneof the said contacts (the one that isstationary in the operation ol: opening and closing the circuit) ismade, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, consisting of a screw C20, the point ofwhich constitutes the anvil against which the other member, usually aspring or yielding piece, is pressed in closing the circuit. The end ofsaid screw maybe adjusted with relation to the co-operating member ofthe circuit-closer by turning the said screw in its socket, in which itshould have a somewhat close fit, and in order to provide Yfor suchadjustment without disturbing the connection between the saidcontact-piece 020 and the wire or conductor of which it forms a terminalits threaded portion is engaged by a forked spring-plate C21, the prongsof which spring sufficiently to accommodate themselves between thethreads of the screw The circuit-wire, as 3, is connected with thespring-plate c, which maintains an electrical connection with the screw020 while providing for the turning of said screw to adjust itsposition, as before described, and it will be seen that.- the contactbetween the plate ci and screw c?" is not varied by any amount oflongitudinal movement of the screw that can take place in adjusting it.

I claim-- l. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays,each in a separate main circuit, armatures therefor, a locking devicefor each armature, and a goxferning electro-magnet for each lockingdevice with a circuitchanger for the circuit of said governingelectro-magnets and a controlling member therefor movable quickly in onedirection and slowlyin the other direction, substantially as described.

2. In a repeater, thecombination of t-wo or more relays, each in aseparate main circuit, and armatures therefor, a motor and detenttherefor controlled by the armatures of said relays, with a governing-magnet. for each main relay and a circuit for the governing-magnets,a circuit-changer in said circuit, and a controlling member thereformovableqnickly in one direction and slowly in the other direction,substantially as described.

In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays, ea'ch in aseparate main circuit, and armatures therefor, with governingmagnets forsaid main relays and a circuit for said governing magnets, andcircuitchanger therein, and a timed controlling member for saidcircuit-changer,whereby the circuit of said governing-magnetsv may beheld in an abnormal condition a longer time than the longest change iuthe main circuit produced in transmitting a signal, substantially asdescribed.

t. In a repeater-,thc combination of two or more main relays, each in a.separate main eircuit, with governi11g-magnets for said relays,armatures for said relays and magnets, and a locking device for cachmain-relay armature moved by but made independent of the IOC IIC

armature of said governing-magnet, substantially as described.

5. In a repeater, a main-relay magnet, its armature, and acircuit-controlling contact operated by it, combined with agoverningmagnet and its armature and a switch, both members of which areconnected with the main-relay armat u re and accompany its movementswithout relative change, and one of the two members of which is movedwith relation to the other by the governing-magnet armature,substantially as described.

6. In a repeater, two or more main-relay magnets, each in a separatemain circuit, a governing-magnet for each main-relay magnet, a circuitfor said governing-magnets, a

circuit-controller therefor, a motor and detent therefor, and anelectro-magnet for said detent, and a local circuit for saidelectromagnet, combined with two circuit-controllers for said localcircuit, one of which is controlled by the main-relay magnet and theother by the governing-magnet, substantially as described. I

7. In a repeater,the combination of two or more main-relay magnets, eachina separate main circuit, with a governing-magnet for each mai n-relaymagnet, a locking-lever operated by each governing-magnet, a circuit forsaid governing-magnet, and a timed circuitcontroller in said circuit tomaintain it in its abnormal condition for a predetermined length oftime, substantially as described.

S. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main relays, each in aseparate main circuit, with governing-magnets for said relays, armaturesfor said relay-magnets, and a locking device for each main-relayarmature moved by but made independent of the ar? mature of saidgoverning-magnet, and a circuit-controller in each main circuitcontrolled by the varmatures of the governing-magnets, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main-relay magnets,each in a separate main circuit, and a governing-magnet for eachmain-relay magnet, combined with two circuit-controllers ineach maincircuit, one of which, as c, is controlled by the main -relay magnet,the other of which is controlled by the governing-magnets, substantiallyas described'.

10. In a repeater, the combination of two or more main-relay magnets,each in a separate main circuit, with circuit-controllers, as c, in saidmain circuits controlled by said main-relayinagnets, a governing-magnetfor each main-relay magnet, and circuit-controllers, as f, in each maincircuit controlled, respectively, b y theco-operation ot' thecorresponding main-relay and governing magnet, substantially asdescribed.

l1. A telegraphic repeater apparatus comprising two or more main-relaymagnets in main circuits disconnected from one another, a local circuitgoverned by the armatures of Said relay-magnets, and a detent andcontrolling-magnet therefor in said local circuit, combined with a motorgoverned by said detents and circuit-closers, one for each main circuit,operated by said motor at each movement permitted by thedetent-controlling magnet, a number of governing-magnets, one to eachmain relay, and a circuit for said governingmagnets controlled by saidmotor, substantially as described.

l2. The Combination of a main-rela)1 magnet and armature with agoverning-magnet and arn'lature included in a separate circuit from saidmain-relay, and a movablelock for said main-relay armature disconnectedfrom but adapted to be engaged and operated bya movable engaging partconnected with said governing magnet armature, whereby the saidmain-relay armature islockedin normal position if the circuit of thegoverning-magnet is changed fromnormal condition before that ot thecorresponding main relay is `s0 changed, said engaging part of thegoverningmagnet armature being in position to be acted upon by themain-relay armature, so as not to operate the lool; if the main-relayarmature is changed from normal position before the governing-magnetarmature is so changed, substantially as described.

13. The main-line circuit and two independently-operatingcircuit-controllers, as f and c, each having one member connected withone terminal of said main circuit and its other member connected withthe other terminal of said main circuit, and the main-relay magnetincluded in said circuit, combined with a governing-magnet and armatureprovided with a movable engaging device co-operating with one only ofsaid circuit-controllers, the said engaging device being operated by themain-relay armature to shift it from the position to act upon saidcircuit-controller, substantially as described.

lt. The main-relay magnet and arm-ature and circuit-controlling contactoperated by the latter constituting one member of a circuit-controller,combined with a governingmagnet and armature, andanindependentlyoperating switch adapted to afford electrical connectionbetween the members of said circuit-controller when not in contact withone another, and a switch-actuator operatively connected with the saidgoverning-magnet armature, whereby said switch may be operated to closethe circuit controlled by the main-relay armature independently of thelatter, substantially as described.

15. The combination of two or more main relays in main circuitsdisconnected from one another, a motor and detent therefor controlled bythe armature of said relays, a number of governing-magnets, one to eachrelay, and circuit therefor, and a circuit-closer in said circuit andmotor for operating the same governed by the detent mechanism of theiirst-mentioned motor, substantially as described.

16. The combination of the main-relay mag- IOO IIO

neta'ndarmaturewithagoverning-magnetand armatn re therefor, a pendantconnected with said governilig-magnetarmature,butbeingindependentlymovable thereon and adapted to be engaged by the main-relay armature,and a lock for said main-relay armature engaged by said pendant when thegoverning-magnet armature is moved while the main-relay armature remainsin normal position, substantially as described.

17. The combination of the main-relay mag'- net and armature with agoverning-magnet and armature therefor, a pendant connected with saidgoverning-magnet armature en gaged by the main-relay armature, andacirenit-closer in the main-relay circuit engaged by the said pendantwhen the governing magnet armature is moved While the mainrelay armatureis in normal position, but not otherwise7 substantially as described.

18. The combination of. the main-relay magnet and armature with agoverning-magnet and armature therefor, a pendant connected with saidgoverning-magnet armature eni gaged by the inalnaelay armature, and aswitch engaged by said pendant when the governing-magnet armature ismoved while the main-relay armature is inahnormal position,substantially as described.

19. The combination of the con tact-carrier, as eg, with anactuating-motor and detent therefor, and an eccentric rotated by saidmotor when its detent is released, and connections between saideccentric and contactcarrier, whereby the latter is vibrated at eachmovement of the motor, substantially as described.

20. The combination of a contact-screw, as C20, forming' one member of acircuit-closer, with a forked spring-plate, the prongs of which engagewith said screw in the threads thereof, thereby maintaining electricalcontact with said screw while permitting the saine to be adj ustedlongitudinally, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK XV. COLE.

iVtncsses:

Jos. P. LIVERMORE, Lis. J. MALONEY.

